Method of preparing an aqueous bleaching solution of soda or potassa



XR. 2.231 563 ltMlLtb' a l'llitllS,

UNITED .STATES' rent PETER 'l. A USTEN, OF NEW BRUNSWIUK, NEWlfiltbil'll.

METHOD OF PREPARING AN AQUEOUS BLEACHING SOLUTlGN F SBDA 0R POTASSA.

- SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Fatent No. 223,l63, dated unuerylii, I Application tiled Srphmln-rflfi, i879.

To all whom it may concern p Be it. known that l', PETER 'l. AUN'JEN',of NewBrunswick,in the county of )liddlescx and State of-New Jersey,have invented it new 5 andImprovedMethodoi'lrermringmrAqueous BleachingSolution of Soda or 'lotnssu, ot'wliich the following is nspecification.

' The object of this invention is to fill'llieh it new and eii'eetivebleaching agent for animal fibegsend feb'rie's.

*Inpreparing this solution the vessels used should be lined with copper,or should have it surface that the vnriousogente employed will not actupon. In such it vessel oi snituhle capacity pulverized barium poi-oxide(13210 or barium peroxyhydrnte (Bail lilal lh) is well curred in waterfor about ten minutes. To produce the best result-the temperature of thewater should he kept below 100 Fahrenheit.

A concentrated solution of sodium carbonate,

(ordinary sal-soda,) made by dissolvingin a. small quantity of hot wateran mnount of sodium 'carbonete equal to two or three times the weightofthe barium peroxide taken, is

then added gradually, the liquid being stirred continually during theoperation, and for from five to ten minutes longer. By this operationthe barium peroxide is converted into barium eurbonntmund becomesinsoluble. Oxygen is 0 set free and remuins in the solution. Sodiumhydrute is formed and remains in the solution, and the excess of sodiumcurbonute is uimcted upon, and remainsunchunged in the solution. Thereaction that takes place is expressed by 5 the following formula:BML-l-LlllnJJOQ-lll,

O=BaCO +2NA, OH+0+ Ned/0 1ml It is evident that potassium carbonate orammonium carbonate will also give an unulogous reaction.

After the stirring there is added an amount of silicate of sodu orpotussa. (wuterglues) about equal to the amount of sodium curbonatetaken, and the mixture is again stirred for from live to ten minutes,after which the pre- 5 cipitate is allowed to settle, and the clearsupernatant liquid is drawn oil; or the precipitate may be removed byany convenient method of filtration.

The precipitated burium carbonate thus obtained can be used for any ofthe purposes to which barium carbonate is applied; particulurly,however, for the nmnufztcture of helium po 'oxide. film clear solutionobtuined es ithove described, containing eilie nim fi pdn, fiildlllllliiligifitgt, and uodiu n gprhogig te, in the bl euc h 1 l l y," ugen t.

it i-'% evident thctdiiiferent van-u timo? text H ihbries mid tillerswill require solutions oi fol-cut concentration. und expoeuroe oi gre"lei lie or less duration to the bleaching; notion oi ill solution,depending upon the amount unit on ture of the color to be renioviriolutionu iii-e propel-ed according "to the going, doe ripiioncontaining verioue p9. wages of oxygen by volume. it nu'mt ellipticstreugthhus been found to no it nolnlimi luunng slutty-F2;percent.1nor Iwhich solution in prepnred from the t'ollo'x' proportions: wutcr,ouehundred lileie, (Liven iire gullonm) barium peroxide, one kilegruin,(twopounde three on ocean) silicate oi'sodu. two kilogrunm, (four poundssir: nnnere;) sodium carbonate, two kilograms, (four pounds sir;ounces.)

1 will nowbrieily describe the proeeee oi bleaching, us applied to silk.

'lhe silk, ui't'cr having;- been freed from gum, &e., by boilingin usoup solution (utripp is passed through it hot water to remm soup. it isthen placed in snitnhle v preferably it clean copper-lined dyelmth, tilwith the bleaching-liqliid, und ullowed to ate d undisturbed.Theteiupereturo should he about to i00 Fahrenheit.- lt the eoluliou mweuk-es, for instnnce with about ten per cent. solution-n highertemperature may he used; but it is prcteruble to hike more time and atlower temperature. The durutlon of the exposure of the silk to theblenehing notion of the liquid depends upon the amount end nu ture ofthe coloring-neuter. l or light-colored silks from live to six hoursexposure is enough, but for the coin-sci and more dccplytcolirrrerlvarieties from two to three dulys are neneeei-n'y. 535

the liner adhering bleaching-iiqnid, and also a curtain Ableachingsolntiml composed of silicate amount nt' thlcalm-ing-matturswhich have of sudimn 01' pnta-ssiun barimnpur0xide,and

hm?! doculm'i m-d and n-mkemd Sulilbl l by the the hydrate of sodium,potassium, or amm'oml'hm m the bleaching agent. nium, as described.

With vermin varieties of ail]; n'lmsu color 515011 5 to he veryl'vt'ructrn-y a final sulphurhlmuch 111:1 he, use? with guml vfl'oct.

Saving Hun (iJSCHbO-(l my imTHliml I claim I Witnesses:

21 new and dvsiru t0 SK'VIH'U by Imttcrs lut- JAMES '1.URAIIAM,

w muff Mics W. HART.

P. TUW'NSEND AUS'JCEN:

